Episodio 54
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Hola. Soy Georgiana, tu profesora de inglés. Mi misión es ayudarte a hablar inglés con fluidez utilizando materiales y técnicas que realmente te hagan practicar.
En el episodio de hoy veremos cómo expresar estados de ánimo en inglés y por qué conviene no abusar de la palabra very.
Después practicarás lo aprendido con una mini-historia.
Este comentario de Mauro Cruz, desde Brasil, decía:
«Gracias y enhorabuena, Georgiana, por tu excelente curso de inglés. Empecé a escuchar el podcast hace tres meses y siento que mi nivel ha mejorado considerablemente. La técnica, los textos y la forma de desarrollar el curso son únicos y muy eficaces.»
¡Muchas gracias por el comentario!
Como decía al principio, hoy vamos a aprender distintas formas de expresar cómo nos sentimos. Hay muchísimas palabras, pero no necesitas conocerlas todas para comunicar distintos moods.
Vamos a agrupar algunas palabras relacionadas para que resulte más fácil recordarlas.
A veces estamos sad; otras, happy, glad o cheerful, que expresan justamente lo contrario.
Antes de continuar, hay un detalle importante.
En inglés es muy frecuente usar very para intensificar una idea. Significa algo parecido a «muy» o «en gran medida».
Sin embargo, no siempre necesitas decir very + adjective. Muchas veces existe un adjetivo más preciso y más intenso.
Por ejemplo, en lugar de very sad, puedes usar palabras como morose o desolate.
Devastated es otra forma mucho más intensa de expresar tristeza o conmoción y tiene un registro algo más fuerte.
En el otro extremo, cuando alguien está muy contento, puedes usar elated, exultant o thrilled.
Veamos algunos ejemplos con estas palabras:
"A man dressed in black and white was sitting morosely in front of him."
"After Eve left Jonny, he was devastated for months."
"Jeremy's wife is elated because the football league is finally over."
"The president waved to the exultant crowds."
"When Jason got promoted last year, he was thrilled with the good news!"
"John is happy because the weekend is coming."
"When we arrived at the mall, we saw an exultant man."
"Laura is sad because she hasn't seen her best friend in a while."
Veamos otras formas de hablar de estados de ánimo:
Si estás bored, no te interesa la situación en la que te encuentras. Lo contrario puede ser estar entertained o entretenido con algo.
Por ejemplo:
"I'm so bored at home since the internet doesn't work."
"Peter is quite entertained with the new video game."
También puedes estar angry con algo o con alguien. Si el enfado es muy fuerte, puedes estar furious o mad. Si es más moderado, quizá estés upset o annoyed.
Algunos ejemplos:
"My boss is angry because I haven't finished the project."
"And if I don't finish by tomorrow, he'll be furious. I'm mad at him because he's the one who didn't give me enough time. I just don't get why he's so pissed off."
"Farmers sometimes get annoyed by mosquitoes."
"My brother got so upset with me he didn't call me for a year."
Y unas expresiones más:
En una situación determinada puedes estar nervous o anxious, pero también relaxed.
"I'm really nervous about the test tomorrow."
"Mary was anxious to hear the test results, so she didn't sleep all night."
"When I'm done, I'll be relaxed. I intend to sleep all day."
Ya hemos visto bastantes palabras para describir cómo nos sentimos.
Repasémoslas:
Sad, morose, desolate, devastated;
Happy, elated, exultant, thrilled, ecstatic;
Bored, entertained, amusing;
Mad, angry, upset, annoyed, pissed off;
Nervous, anxious, relaxed.
¿Quieres seguir practicando inglés? Continúa con un curso completo de audio.
MEJORA TU EXPRESIÓN ORAL
Mini-historia: practica tu inglés hablado
Responde las preguntas en voz alta con respuestas breves y rápidas. Repite la mini-historia varias veces para mejorar tu expresión oral y tu comprensión.
Yesterday, my friends and I went to the mall.
Where did you go?
To the mall. My friends and I went to the mall.
When did you go to a mall?
Last year?
No. No. Not last year. We went to a mall yesterday.
Who went to a mall?
Your granny went to a mall?
No. No. Not my granny. My friends and I went to the mall. My granny remained at home.
So, you went to a restaurant. Right?
No, no. We didn't go to a restaurant. We went to a mall.
I'm sorry, where did you say you went yesterday?
To a mall. Yesterday my friends and I went to a mall.
We went to a mall because we were really bored, so we were looking for some entertainment.
You went to a mall because you were entertained?
No. No. We didn't go because we were entertained. We went because
we were bored.
Were you nervous?
No, no. We weren't nervous. We were just bored.
Were you looking for something?
Yeah. We were looking for some entertainment.
Why did you go to the mall?
Because we were bored, we went to the mall because we were bored and we were looking for some entertainment.
When we arrived at the mall, we saw an exultant man jumping for joy.
When you arrived, did you see a happy or exultant man?
Exultant. We saw an exultant man when we arrived.
Did you see a relaxed man having a coffee?
No. No. We didn't see a relaxed man having a coffee. We saw an exultant man.
How was the man?
Was he sad?
No. No. He wasn't sad. He was exultant.
Was the man running?
No. No. He wasn't running. The man was jumping for joy.
The man was exultant because he had found out that he'd won the lottery.
Was the man exultant because he'd won something?
Yes. The man was exultant because he had won the lottery! He'd won a lot of money!
Was the man furious because he had won the lottery?
No, no. He wasn't furious. He was exultant. He was thrilled.
Why was the man exultant?
Because he had won the lottery, he was exultant because he'd won the lottery.
What did he win?
The lottery. He'd won the lottery.
Who had won the lottery?
The man. The man had won the lottery.
A couple of hours later, we saw the same man, although this time, he was devastated.
Did you see the same man again?
Yes. We saw the same man again. And to our surprise, this time, he was devastated.
Did you see the man a couple of hours later, or an hour later?
A couple of hours later. We saw the same man a couple more hours
later, and he was devastated.
How was the man a couple of hours later?
Was he Angry?
No. No. He wasn't angry. A couple of hours later, the man was devastated. He was very sad!
It turned out that the man was desolate because he had lost his lottery ticket.
Was the man desolate because he had lost something?
Yes. The man was desolate because he had lost his lottery ticket.
Had the man lost his wallet?
No. No. The man hadn't lost his wallet. He'd lost his lottery ticket.
What had he lost?
The lottery ticket. He'd lost the lottery ticket.
Why was the man so desolate?
Wasn't he exultant?
No, no. He wasn't exultant. He was desolate because he'd lost
the lottery ticket. He won the lottery, but he lost the ticket. Poor man!
We returned home feeling sorry for the man.
Did you return home, or did you stay at the mall?
We've returned home. We didn't stay at the mall.
Did you stay with the man to comfort him?
No. No. We don't stay with the man to comfort him. But we returned home feeling sorry for him.
Did you return home angry because the man had lost his ticket?
No, no. We didn't return home angry because the man had lost his ticket. We were sad, not angry. We felt sorry for the poor man!
Were you devastated?
No. No. We weren't devastated, but if anything, sorry for the poor man. At first, the man was exultant because he had won the lottery. Then he lost his ticket and couldn't find it anymore, so he became devastated.
Gracias por escuchar. Nos vemos en el próximo episodio.
Repaso
Vocabulario
Repasa las palabras y expresiones más útiles antes de volver a escuchar.
Morose
Muy triste, sombrío o de mal humor.
Desolate
Extremadamente triste, solo o sin esperanza.
Devastated
Extremadamente afectado, conmocionado o triste.
Elated
Extremadamente feliz y entusiasmado.
Exultant
Muy feliz, especialmente por un triunfo o éxito.
Thrilled
Muy contento y emocionado.
Furious
Extremadamente enfadado.
Anxious
Nervioso o preocupado por algo que puede ocurrir.
¿Quieres seguir practicando inglés? Continúa con un curso completo de audio.